In the Press

A phase 3 clinical trial conducted in Malawi has found that a single dose of typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) is safe and more than 80% effective at protecting children against typhoid fever, an international team of researchers reported yesterday in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Regular screening for pre-cancerous lesions called adenomas has been shown to reduce the risk of death from colon cancer by more than 60 percent. However, adenoma detection rates and, conversely, adenoma miss rates vary greatly across physicians, with miss rates ranging from six percent to 41 percent.

New "maps" of hundreds of thousands of cells related to inflammatory bowel disease shed greater light on their effects on intestinal tissues through a newly utilized imaging technique called imaging mass cytometry.

Tomorrow's VRBPAC (Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee) meeting will consider Pfizer/BioNTech's application for a COVID-19 vaccine booster dose, but the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has signaled in a new report today that booster doses, though effective, are not indicated at this time for most Americans.

The origin of SARS-CoV-2, as its mode of introduction into the human population, is currently unknown.

Coronavirus control measures remain a central concern for workplaces, especially with more employers encouraging a return to office (or some form of hybrid working). This article looks at the indoor climatic conditions most conducive to coronavirus survival and, based on these risk factors, considers the optimal mitigation measures that can be considered for lowering viral transmission. Not every mitigation measure will be practicable, and the balance is towards the use of portable HEPA filtered units.

Importance As of May 2021, more than 32 million cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed in the United States, resulting in more than 615 000 deaths. Anaphylactic reactions associated with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–authorized mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have been reported.

SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology implicates airborne transmission; aerosol infectiousness and impacts of masks and variants on aerosol shedding are not well understood.

Although hospital wastewater was identified as a potential nosocomial source for antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria in the 1970s [3], it has been increasingly implicated in outbreaks with carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) and may act as a reservoir that amplifies resistance [4, 5].